The Cause

Sweden experienced been extremely successful within the Thirty Years’ War, getting defeated Danish armies in Germany & seen real triumph under Gustavus Adolphus and, after this dying, under a leadership of Count Axel Oxenstierna, Lord High Chancellor of Sweden. In a spring of 1643 a Swedish Privy Council determined that their military posture mass produced territorial profits at the expense of Denmark probably. the Count drew higher a project for war & directed a surprise multiple-front attack within Denmark in Can.

The Beginning

Swedish Field Marshal Lennart Torstensson was ordered to march against Denmark. Proceeding from either Morovia, his forces entered Danish territory at Holstein on December 12th and per prevent of January 1644 a Jutland peninsula was in his possession. Around February of 1644 a Swedish General Gustav Horn occupied much of the Danish provinces of Skåne and Halland, except for the Danish fortress town of Malmø, with an army of 11,000 men.

The Danish Response
This attack caught Denmark unaware & ill prepared, however Christian IV retained his presence of mind. He positioned his confidence inside a fleet to protect a at home islands & in a forces of Norway to relieve the pressures on Danish provinces in Skåne by attacking Sweden along the Norwegian-Swedish border.

The Norwegian Response
Norway, which was so governed by Christian's boy-within-law, Statholder Hannibal Sehested, was a reluctant participant. A Norwegian world opposed an attack in Sweden, right suspecting that an attack in Sweden would sole leave the two open to counterattack. Their opposition to Statholder Sehested’s counsel grew bitter, & a war wwhen lampooned as a "Hannibal war." Clearly, a Danes cared little for Norwegian public sentiment whenever Denmark itself was seriously threatened. Hence Jacob Ulfeld initiated an attack into Sweden from either Norwegian Jæmtland. He wwhen repel away from Sweden & Swedish troops temporarily occupied Jæmtland besides as forward into a Norwegian Østerdal before being repel.

Sehested got manufactured preparations to advance by using his have army & the similar army under Henrik Bjelke into Swedish Vermland, but was orderly to relieve a King in the Danish attack in Gottenborg. Upon a arrival of Sehested a King joined his fleet & performed heroically, possibly though hurt, preventing Torstensson’s army from either moving onto a Danish islands.

On a Norwegian front, Sehested attacked the freshly based Swedish city of Vernersborg & destroyed it. He besides sent Norwegian troops under a command of George von Reichwein through a border from either Vinger and Eidskog as well as troops under Henrik Bjelke into Swedish, Dalsland.

The Denouement

Christian’s Danish forces were then exhausted that he was forced to assume a mediation of France & a United Provinces around suing for peace; & to sign a, for Denmark, fatal & mortifying Peace of Brömsebro on February 8 1645. Sweden got achieved tremendously from either their coup de main in Denmark. It were exempted from either a “Sound dues� (a toll for passing across Danish territory into the Baltic Sea). Denmark ceded to Sweden a Norwegian provinces of Jæmtland and Härjedalen and the strategically placed Danish islands of Gotland in the center of the Baltic and Øsel in the Baltic just off Estonia . More, Sweden occupied a Danish province of Halland, when well as more territories for Xxx years as a assure one provisions.

Long-Term Implications
A kill of Denmark reversed a historic balance of power in the Baltic. Sweden currently virtually controlled a Baltic, experienced unrestricted access to the North Sea and no elongated was encircled by Denmark-Norway.

When importantly, a succesfull coup de main assured that Denmark currently scanned for an chance to recabove their losses, when Sweden browsed for chance to expand farther, setting a stage for continued conflict on a Baltic over the next century.